A. MCQ
1.
Nephrotic
syndrome is characterized by :
a) oedema and heavy
proteinuria
b) hyperlipidaemia and
hypoproteinaemia
c) increased susceptibility
to infection
d) all of
the above
2.
Acute
glomerulonephritis may be present with :
a)
hypertensive encephalopathy
b) elevated serum-cholesterol
level
c) increased sweat chlorides
d) glucosuria
3.
The presence
of RBC casts indicates that the origin of haematuria is :
a) the
glomeruli
b) the urinary bladder
c) the renal pelvis
d) the ureters
4.
Proteinuria
is usually found in all of the following, except :
a) acute glomerulonephritis
b) nephrotic syndrome
c) protein-losing
enteropathy
d) congenital nephrosis
B. Short questions :
1.
What are the
clinical elements of the nephritic syndrome?
®
Haematuria
®
Oedema (mild)
®
Hypertension
®
Oliguria
®
Azotemia (increased BUN and serum creatinine level)
®
Renal insufficiency
2.
Indications
of renal biopsy in nephrotic syndrome?
®
Age <1 year or
>7 years at first presentation
®
Gross haematuria or persistent hypertension
®
Persistent elevation in BUN and creatinine
®
Children with family history of renal disease
®
Children with systemic manifestations e.g :skin rash
®
No response to steroid treatment after 6-8 weeks
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